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Liquid AI, the Boston-based basis mannequin startup spun out of the Massachusetts Institute of Expertise (MIT), is looking for to maneuver the tech {industry} past its reliance on the Transformer structure underpinning hottest massive language fashions (LLMs) comparable to OpenAI’s GPT sequence and Google’s Gemini household.
Yesterday, the corporate introduced “Hyena Edge,” a brand new convolution-based, multi-hybrid mannequin designed for smartphones and different edge gadgets upfront of the Worldwide Convention on Studying Representations (ICLR) 2025.
The convention, one of many premier occasions for machine studying analysis, is going down this yr in Vienna, Austria.
New convolution-based mannequin guarantees sooner, extra memory-efficient AI on the edge
Hyena Edge is engineered to outperform sturdy Transformer baselines on each computational effectivity and language mannequin high quality.
In real-world assessments on a Samsung Galaxy S24 Extremely smartphone, the mannequin delivered decrease latency, smaller reminiscence footprint, and higher benchmark outcomes in comparison with a parameter-matched Transformer++ mannequin.
A brand new structure for a brand new period of edge AI
In contrast to most small fashions designed for cellular deployment — together with SmolLM2, the Phi fashions, and Llama 3.2 1B — Hyena Edge steps away from conventional attention-heavy designs. As an alternative, it strategically replaces two-thirds of grouped-query consideration (GQA) operators with gated convolutions from the Hyena-Y household.
The brand new structure is the results of Liquid AI’s Synthesis of Tailor-made Architectures (STAR) framework, which makes use of evolutionary algorithms to robotically design mannequin backbones and was introduced again in December 2024.
STAR explores a variety of operator compositions, rooted within the mathematical idea of linear input-varying techniques, to optimize for a number of hardware-specific targets like latency, reminiscence utilization, and high quality.
Benchmarked instantly on shopper {hardware}
To validate Hyena Edge’s real-world readiness, Liquid AI ran assessments instantly on the Samsung Galaxy S24 Extremely smartphone.
Outcomes present that Hyena Edge achieved as much as 30% sooner prefill and decode latencies in comparison with its Transformer++ counterpart, with velocity benefits growing at longer sequence lengths.
Prefill latencies at quick sequence lengths additionally outpaced the Transformer baseline — a vital efficiency metric for responsive on-device purposes.
By way of reminiscence, Hyena Edge persistently used much less RAM throughout inference throughout all examined sequence lengths, positioning it as a powerful candidate for environments with tight useful resource constraints.
Outperforming Transformers on language benchmarks
Hyena Edge was skilled on 100 billion tokens and evaluated throughout customary benchmarks for small language fashions, together with Wikitext, Lambada, PiQA, HellaSwag, Winogrande, ARC-easy, and ARC-challenge.
On each benchmark, Hyena Edge both matched or exceeded the efficiency of the GQA-Transformer++ mannequin, with noticeable enhancements in perplexity scores on Wikitext and Lambada, and better accuracy charges on PiQA, HellaSwag, and Winogrande.
These outcomes counsel that the mannequin’s effectivity features don’t come at the price of predictive high quality — a standard tradeoff for a lot of edge-optimized architectures.
Hyena Edge Evolution: A have a look at efficiency and operator traits
For these looking for a deeper dive into Hyena Edge’s improvement course of, a latest video walkthrough offers a compelling visible abstract of the mannequin’s evolution.
The video highlights how key efficiency metrics — together with prefill latency, decode latency, and reminiscence consumption — improved over successive generations of structure refinement.
It additionally presents a uncommon behind-the-scenes have a look at how the interior composition of Hyena Edge shifted throughout improvement. Viewers can see dynamic adjustments within the distribution of operator varieties, comparable to Self-Consideration (SA) mechanisms, numerous Hyena variants, and SwiGLU layers.
These shifts provide perception into the architectural design ideas that helped the mannequin attain its present degree of effectivity and accuracy.
By visualizing the trade-offs and operator dynamics over time, the video offers worthwhile context for understanding the architectural breakthroughs underlying Hyena Edge’s efficiency.
Open-source plans and a broader imaginative and prescient
Liquid AI stated it plans to open-source a sequence of Liquid basis fashions, together with Hyena Edge, over the approaching months. The corporate’s objective is to construct succesful and environment friendly general-purpose AI techniques that may scale from cloud datacenters down to private edge gadgets.
The debut of Hyena Edge additionally highlights the rising potential for different architectures to problem Transformers in sensible settings. With cellular gadgets more and more anticipated to run refined AI workloads natively, fashions like Hyena Edge may set a brand new baseline for what edge-optimized AI can obtain.
Hyena Edge’s success — each in uncooked efficiency metrics and in showcasing automated structure design — positions Liquid AI as one of many rising gamers to look at within the evolving AI mannequin panorama.
